Tuesday, 20 November 2018

                                                                    THEORIES  for big issue 

Barthes - says in media we have codes and signs ( Barthes analyzes, his theories can be applied to various cultural forms such as photography, music, painting, and cultural events.)

Hall believes that the media reflects dominant ideologies  (majority of mass media artefacts) reinforce generally agreed messages around gender, culture/ ethnicity, consumerism, family, social class etc.Some artefacts are polysemic, but most have a limited number of readings, favouring a preferred audience reading. Some audiences take a negotiated position. A small minority might make an oppositional reading.(artefacts means an object made by a human being, typically one of cultural or historical interest.) 


Gauntlett- postmodern approach
-no fixed meaning
-might be intertextual (Intertextuality is the shaping of a text's meaning by another text. It is the interconnection between similar or related works of literature that reflect and influence an audience's interpretation of the text. Intertextual figures include: allusion, quotation, calque, plagiarism, translation, pastiche and parody.)


Gilroy and post- colonialism:
Diaspora originated from the movement of jewish people from middle east to europe, later USA refers now to movement of immigrants to the west


                                                                                Feminist theories

Van zoonen : Women’s bodies as objects

Men’s bodies as spectacle
Gender performativity: what we do rather than what we are

Gender is contextual
Bell Hooksintersectionality. (Black female) audience to develop an “oppositional gaze.” This refuses to identify with characters


Wednesday, 31 October 2018

Big Issue

-1991 Gorden Roddick / Lord John Bird created Big issue

-a street magazine for homeless

"A Publishing Revolution"

-social enterprise is a business solution  that makes profit, but has social benefit

- it's a global magazine

- since 1991 they sold 200,000,000 copies just in the UK

- Expanded and extended their brand by having big issue shop and website, also Big issue invest in the other social enterprises

how it works 
- cost vendors £1.25 they sell it for £2.50 max theirs 2000 vendors 

big issue is a most widely circulated street paper


Tuesday, 30 October 2018

research planning

new start magazine

THREE SUCCESSFUL MAGAZINE PUBLISHERS

IPC- taken over by TIME INC (t.i) in 2014. T.I was part of the warner group, one of the biggest media conglomerate in the world. IPC decided this would be save their  magazine. Now T.I is part of meredith group, huge cross-media.

Barner Media-  German company, women's weekly, take a break, modern garden, TV choice (most sold uk magazine) Radio ,Tv, Digital ( kiss 4 music)  {conglomerate and global} 

Dennis- Felix Dennis 1974 who started it { independent } niche products kung fu, minecraft


without advertising, no magazine could survive! this mean the cover price will the be three or four time greater.

incomes for magazines comes from sales and advertising. on average advertising accounts for 70% of magazine income 

A magazine with a a small circulation is more dependent on advertising than one with a large circulation  


3) When did magazines start to circulate in the UK and give some examples of these early magazine.

Britain[edit]

The oldest consumer magazine still in print is The Scots Magazine, which was first published in 1739, though multiple changes in ownership and gaps in publication totalling over 90 years weaken that claim. Lloyd's List was founded in Edward Lloyd's England coffee shop in 1734; and though it's on-line platform is still updated daily it has not been published as a magazine since 2013 after 274 years[5] Despite being among the first mass media outlets to venture from the bible, periodicals still remained rooted in the naturalised class and gender system held by European and American society.[6]
Manufacturing of the early magazines were done via an archaic form of the printing press, using large hand-engraved wood blocks for printing.[7] When production of magazines increased, entire production lines were created to manufacture these wooden blocks.[7]






2) Why are magazines thought to be so important in the history of the mass media?

-From an advertising perspective, magazines allow messages to be highly targeted - magazines range from a specialised art publication that may reach 2,000 people to a mass publication that could reach 2-3 million people (People, Time Magazines). Magazines also offer a variety of audiences that may be highly targeted to men (Esquire) or women (Vogue), to luxury (Elite Traveler) to the everyday (Woman's Day). Magazine editorial can range from general (Newsweek) to highly specific (Cat Fancy) which offers lots of options for both consumers and advertisers. Categories include General Interest, Celebrity, Epicurean (food), Lifestyle, Service (advice), Fashion/Beauty, Shelter (home), Art, Music, Entertainment, Regional/Local/City, Business, Newsweekly, Newspaper Supplement, Health, Literary, Alternative/Independent, Travel, and Enthusiast (hobbies). Many of these can be categorised further as men's, women's or teen titles. Some target certain ethnic groups, language groups, or lifestyles.


1) list the different categories/ genres of magazine 

Vogue. Vogue Magazine. If you have to pick one magazine to mimic, pick Vogue. ...
  • Elle. Elle Magazine. ...
  • Harper's Bazaar. Harper's Bazaar. ...
  • W. W Magazine. ...
  • L'Officiel. L'Officiel Magazine. ...
  • Jalouse. Jalouse Magazine. ...
  • GQ Style. GQ Magazine. ...
  • L'Officiel Hommes. L'Officiel Hommes.


Image result for vanity fair 1896            Image result for vanity fair 2017

similarity- same name, still has title heading, date, gender which they showed women
different- layout 2017 has a mid/close shot whereas the 1896 is long far shot and its painted. i have realised that the modern one show's the innocents of the model and true beauty, however the old one shows of the pictures as strong proud women who are brave

Wednesday, 10 October 2018

Monday, 13 November 2017

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-5063679/Mother-Grenfell-Tower-victim-recalls-final-phone-call.html

Which news values apply in the story? Give a range of examples and make specific reference to theory including Galtung and Ruge and narrative ( Levi-Strauss). Consider the role of ideology.

News values  are general guidelines or criteria used by media outlets, such as newspapers or broadcast media, to determine how much prominence to give to a story.  Galtung and Ruge came up with news values in 1981.In this case I will be looking at a story from the Daily mail about the Grenfall fire, it's about a young Italian, girl (26) who just recently graduated and was killed in the Grenfell Tower fire. Her mother reveals she had ‘nightmare’ call from her daughter and told her she doesn't want to die “ I don't want to die- i can never hug you again.” This information was a very heartbreaking tragedy for all of us, so many people unfortunately died at the scene of the fire in the building. However, this specific story was told instead of other stories linked to this because the writer was conveying the close relationship of a mother who last spoke to her daughter in this terrible, shocking situation. The phrase “ I can never hug u again” clearly indicates that the bond between the mother and daughter is very vigorous and stable. This phrase also portrays the emotions of how a normal person of her age would react in the same  condition. The intention of this article, was written is due to having many victims that suffered the pain and losing the loved ones.

One of the news Value that the article uses is negativity. We can identify that it uses negativity as it has an harrowing ending to an individual's life as well as other families can relate due to the mother and daughter bond that the article projects. Instantly, we can detect that this is a negative story from the bold title, where we see the words “killed”, “doomed” and “nightmare” which highlights the negative aspect of this terrible story this draws the readers as it has specific detailing to the titles.
Threshold is another news value. The daily news  told this specific story due to the highly emotional attachment with a mother and a daughter last words on a phone call. As readers we can sympathise and put ourselves in there shoes and think about losing a close family member in a tragic way and feel helpless like the mother in this story. In addition, the majority of people who lived in grenfell where working class and immigrants, this draws back to making the readers relate to.


Moreover, Proximity is a new value which means it's closer to home it is also linked with ideology. This event happened in west london. London is a dominant ideology as well giving an insight of her personal life story and emphasising that she was a graduate with her whole life ahead of her. They also gave a particular time when she moved which was 3 months before the fire happened. Many people of the uk was concerned about this situation and for the people that live in flats were intrigued with the materials that were used to make their flats.

Finally narrative is a narrator telling the perspective of the story. The narrator is the  mother telling the story of her young child who was killed in a tragic fire. Which includes a love story of two graduates whose lives ended. The writer did not focus on her relationship with the boyfriend rather the writer focus on the bond of the mother and daughter.  

In conclusion, Paul Gilroy states “ the other is defined by his or her difference to white people”.  The news story was based in London with well educated individuals which is projected on a wider scale as at the time there was  intense emotions of anger and being intrigued with stories of individuals, this was a powerful story leading the headlines which didn’t make space for other news stories like famine in Palestine and killings in Syria, as Grenfell had a lot of people's attention.

Friday, 3 November 2017

conglomerate- a thing consisting of a number of different and distinct parts or items that are grouped together
synergy- working together 
oligopoly- a state of limited competition, in which a market is shared by a small number of producers or sellers

Sunday, 15 October 2017

   Essay:
                         
                         *compare how media languages is used in the construction of gender in two print                                     advertisement for fragrances? 














The word gender means :the state of being male or female (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones)the state of being male or female (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones)

These are the two fragrances that I have chosen to compare the media language about gender from these print advertising; the male fragrances are called ‘The scent by Hugo Boss,’ and the other is called ‘Heat by Beyoncé.’  

Firstly, in the first print advert we as viewers can see an instant glare of power and satisfaction from male’s gaze and, the women who is smelling the nape of his neck she instantly falls into a trance of the scent. The advert has this atmosphere of a steamy and sexual aroma that grasp the viewers, it also tells a story with the man wearing a suit creating a boss like atmosphere leaving the viewers to imagine a heated scene. The rich gold light hits the center of their faces which emphasises the sharp stare of the man as well as the female in the background her soft lighting the bottle is the focal point of the advert. The appearance of the bottle is dense. Moreover, the shape of the product has a emblements of a boss with the bold stature and the rich orange leaping out to the consumers. Boss as a brand in this advert has created a bottle that is as dominant as the man that has been portrayed to be. There is a huge role in gender in this particular advert, we can see the man is being depicted as this manly dominant figure, seducing the women with the scent. This sex appeal is mainly targeted to the male market. the fragrance projects itself to be like a magnet and draw females in with the scent which creates an ego to the male consumers as they have this ideology of the product to be the ultimate fragrance for men to attract females. In contrast, heat is a female empowered fragrance. Which Beyoncé (well known celebrity) who has created a fragrance which appeals to the public as well as a female based product and her fans who are the core consumers. The deep red is the main tone of this advert. The representation behind the red is to create a sexual aroma and there is a leaping passion in Beyoncé eyes which draws the consumer. Heat the product is has a sexual atmosphere where as Hugo boss has a dominant aspect to the advert. Both Hugo boss and Beyoncé over sexualized their products, they grasp the idea of lust and a sexual appetite for both genders. Hugo boss has this formality with the man in a suit and tie staring longingly at the viewers, whereas, Beyoncé has this informality to the advert there is a lot of passion and red springing at the viewers. Hugo boss is a well-known brand that has been around for a long time so to the market and the public it is not a new brand. Whereas Beyoncé heat is recent and does have the same history and they have been specifically making fragrances for men. Similarly, both have a sex appeal this seductiveness and sensuality appeal to the male and female gender.  

Furthermore, both print advert are taken differently (the shots), the male one is a mid shot whereas the the female one is a long shot. I believe that, the camera man has done this because the first advert he wanted to focus the audience on Theo James strong facial expression. However the other advert they wanted to show the sexy body and glowing skin of Beyonce. 



Moreover, the another way they showed the comparison of gender fragrance, is by the cloths. Heat fragrance, Beyonce is wearing a beautiful red silky short dress which shows a lot of skin which makes her look ever more desirable and tempting. On the other hand, Theo James is wearing a black suit which most bosses wear. But, in the first advert the lady whos with Theo James, I think she is also wearing a silky gold dress which also shows a lot of skin. This shows that women who wear silky dresses, men feel attracted to and men who wear suits especially black suits women get attracted to them.

In these print fragrances both used celebrities Theo James and Beyonce. I think they used celebrities to promote their brand because many people who are their fans will buy the product.

Finally , in the olden days time has changed and perfume adverts have changed too especially for wmen because women in those days were expected to cover and wear long cloths and didnt have many rights to do what they want . However, now a days  women and society have changed because of media. Women now are stronger and braver. This might be because of the celebrities for example, Beyonce, Spice Girls, Angli Joli, and Opera ect. This is why Beyonce in this advert doesnt care about her body image and loves to show it.  In-contrast, Boss still kept the sterotype. I mean by this men still should wear suits because it makes them feel dominant controlling and powerful. 


                                                                    THEORIES  for big issue  Barthes - says in media we have codes and si...